MULTIPLE PATHWAYS LINKING RACISM TO HEALTH OUTCOMES

The causal pathways linking health literacy to health outcomes.

OBJECTIVE To provide an evidence-based review of plausible causal pathways that could best explain well-established associations between limited health literacy and health outcomes. METHODS Through analysis of current findings in medical and public health literature on health literacy we derived a conceptual causal model. RESULTS Health literacy should be viewed as both a patient and a syst...

Linking data to improve health outcomes.

Racism and Health I: Pathways and Scientific Evidence.

This article reviews the scientific research that indicates that despite marked declines in public support for negative racial attitudes in the United States, racism, in its multiple forms, remains embedded in American society. The focus of the article is on the review of empirical research that suggests that racism adversely affects the health of non-dominant racial populations in multiple way...

Health Insecurity and Social Protection: Pathways, Gaps, and Their Implications on Health Outcomes and Poverty

Health insecurity has emerged as a major concern among health policy-makers particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It includes the inability to secure adequate healthcare today and the risk of being unable to do so in the future as well as impoverishing healthcare expenditure. The increasing health insecurity among 150 million of the world’s poor has moved social protection i...

Racism and Oral Health Outcomes among Pregnant Canadian Aboriginal Women.

This study assessed links between racism and oral health outcomes among pregnant Canadian Aboriginal women. Baseline data were analyzed for 541 First Nations (94.6%) and Métis (5.4%) women in an early childhood caries preventive trial conducted in urban and on-reserve communities in Ontario and Manitoba. One-third of participants experienced racism in the past year determined by the Measure of ...